ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. In Egypt, HCC was reported to account for about 4.7% of chronic liver disease [CLD] patients. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen [SCCA] has been reported to be strongly expressed in HCC tissue. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum SCCA levels as a serological marker for early detection of HCC among high risk patients compared to AFP. The study comprised 3 groups. Group [A] included 30 patients with CLD diagnosed on clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic basis, group [B] included 49 patients with HCC proved by spiral CT, elevated AFP and/or liver biopsy and group [C] included 15 healthy subjects matched for age and sex as a control group. All groups were subjected to thorough history taking, full clinical examinationand laboratory investigations including liver functions, viral markers, AFP and SCCA estimation using ELISA technique. This study revealed a highly significant difference between patients with HCC, CLD and controls regarding serum SCCA level [5.38 +/- 7.689, 1.133 +/- o.516, and 0.787 +/- 0.432 ng/ml respectively]. SCCA level was persistently elevated in patients with HCC with normal APP levels representing its useful role in early detection and follow up of patients treated for HCC. The area under the curve [AUC] of SCCA was 0.869 [95%CI 0.783-0.929], the cut off value was established at 1.5 ng/ml with sensitivity of 77.6%and specificity of 84.4%. The difference between AUC of SCCA and that of AFP was 0.09 which mounted of statistical significance. SCCA could represent a useful tool as a marker for detection of HCC and for monitoring therapy
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Antigens, Neoplasm , Liver Function Tests , alpha-Fetoproteins , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
The field of study was the endemic diseases Hospital in Sohag Governorate, where 16857 patients were examined. The most common parasites were: Schistosoma haematobium [9.38%] and Enterobius vermicularis [8.94%]. These were followed by Hymenolepis nana [2.13%], Ancylostoma duodenale [0.77%], Ascaris lumbricoides [0.6%], Schistosoma mansoni [0.047%], Taenia saginata [0.047%], Trichostrongylus colubrigormis [0.03%] and Trichuris trichiura [0.01]
Subject(s)
Parasites , Parasitic Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Detailed morphological studies on the eggs of parasitic infection in Sohag Governorate were done. For this purpose, collected and intra-uterine eggs of helminth parasites were studied, different sizes and shapes of eggs were noticed. Examination of intrauterine eggs of worms which were obtained form treated patients and kept in formol saline revealed different types of eggs in the same worm. Knowledge of such differences is of very important aid in identification of eggs and diagnosis of parasitic infections
Subject(s)
Ovum/cytology , Parasitic Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
Out of 1828 pupils of five different localities were examined for schistosomiasis, Schistosoma haematobium was found in the five localities in percentage of 6.4%, 4.58%, 1.6%, 19.39% and 22.79% in El-Baskia, El-Shiakh Youssef, A bar El-Melk, El-Khiam and Awlad Nousair respectively. The infection rate increased till the age of nine years when it decreased gradually with age. Females were markedly less infected than males. Ten cases of Schistosoma mansoni were found only in three localities